Articles | Volume 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-13-163-2016
https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-13-163-2016
29 Nov 2016
 | 29 Nov 2016

Climate reference stations in Germany: Status, parallel measurements and homogeneity of temperature time series

Frank Kaspar, Lisa Hannak, and Klaus-Jürgen Schreiber

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Cited articles

Auchmann, R. and Brönnimann, S.: A physics-based correction model for homogenizing sub-daily temperature series, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117, D17119, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD018067, 2012.
Augter, G.: Vergleich der Referenzmessungen des Deutschen Wetterdienstes mit automatisch gewonnenen Messwerten, 2. Edition, Berichte des Deutschen Wetterdienstes, 238, Offenbach, Germany, 61 pp., 2013.
Böhm, R., Jones, P. D., Hiebl, J., Frank, D., Brunetti, M., and Maugeri, M.: The early instrumental warm-bias: a solution for long central European temperature series 1760–2007, Clim. Change, 101, 41–67, 2010.
Bojinski, S., Verstraete, M., Peterson, T. C., Richter, C., Simmons, A., and Zemp, M.: The concept of essential climate variables in support of climate research, applications, and policy, B. Am. Meteor. Soc., 95, 1431–1443, 2014.
Brandsma, T.: Parallel air temperature measurements at the KNMI-terrain in De Bilt (the Netherlands) May 2003–April 2005, Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, 29 pp., 2004.
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Germany's national meteorological service (DWD) operates a network of so-called climate reference stations. At these stations parallel measurements are performed in order to allow the comparison of manual and automatic observations. We present an analysis of parallel measurements of temperature at 2 m height. It is shown that the automation of stations did not cause an artificial increase in the series of daily mean temperature. A bias occurs for maximum temperature in specific configurations.